In 2016, 57,765,397 passengers used the airport. [101] In addition, the city is served by the KTX high-speed rail and the Seoul Subway, which provides 4G LTE, WiFi and DMB inside subway cars. People wait to board buses at a bus terminal near the Seoul Station on Wednesdasy. With more than 8 million passengers per day, the subway has one of the busiest subway systems in the world and the largest in the world, with a total track length of 940 km (580 mi). For passengers planning on traveling on one of these buses, the following documents are required: Valid ID. Hanhwa is one of the three largest South Korean insurance companies, along with Samsung Life and Gangnam & Kyobo life insurance group. In the 11th century Goryeo, which succeeded Unified Silla, built a summer palace in Seoul, which was referred to as the "Southern Capital". [34], Following the war, Seoul began to focus on reconstruction and modernization. Its metropolitan area was the most densely populated among OECD countries in Asia in 2012, and second worldwide after that of Paris. Bohol Airport transfers & tours. Across the Han River are the newer and wealthier areas of Gangnam District, Seocho District and surrounding neighborhoods. Although there is a test for non-high school graduates, called school qualification exam, most Koreans take the test. Free in-room wifi. [20] Ancient Gyeongju was also known in documents by the Chinese-style name Geumseong (金城, literally "Gold Castle or City" or "Metal Castle or City"), but it is unclear whether the native Korean-style name Seorabeol had the same meaning as Geumseong. Heat index values can surpass 40 °C (104.0 °F) at the height of summer. Compulsory education lasts from grade 1–9 (six years of elementary school and 3 years of middle school). Seoul has a well developed transportation network. As with its long history, the Seoul Capital Area contains five UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Changdeok Palace, Hwaseong Fortress, Jongmyo Shrine, Namhansanseong and the Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty. Seoul hosts large concentration of headquarters of International companies and banks, including 15 companies on fortune 500 list such as Samsung, LG and Hyundai. [51][61] A partnership between researchers in South Korea and the United States is conducting an international air quality field study in Korea (KORUS-AQ) to determine how much each source contributes. The various lines are run by Korail, Seoul Metro, NeoTrans Co. Ltd., AREX, and Seoul Metro Line 9 Corporation. Seoul is in the northwest of South Korea. Leeum, Samsung Museum of Art, is widely regarded as one of Seoul's largest private museum. Since its establishment in 1945, the museum has built a collection of 220,000 artifacts. Historically, the city was during the Joseon dynasty bounded by the Seoul Fortress Wall, which stretched between the four main mountains in central Seoul: Bugaksan, Inwangsan, Naksan and Namsan. Intercity bus services are available to various destinations around the country. [83] Most bank headquarters and the Korea Exchange are located in Yeouido (Yeoui island),[79] which is often called "South Korea's Wall Street" and has been serving as the financial center of the city since the 1980s. The KAL Shuttle Bus is one of the most convenient ways of reaching the city center from Incheon International Airport but it takes about 1 hour and 30 minutes to reach Seoul. As of 2012[update], Seoul has hosted Ultra Music Festival Korea, an annual dance music festival that takes place on the 2nd weekend of June.[119]. Seoul has many large intercity/express bus terminals. [24], Seoul is first recorded as Wiryeseong, the capital of Baekje (founded in 18 BC) in the northeastern area of modern Seoul. Now ex-kepco 25-storey building is under demolition. Among them, Changdeokgung was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1997 as an "outstanding example of Far Eastern palace architecture and garden design". This is the best and convenient option if your accommodation is located near one of the several bus stops in Seoul. [34] From the 1970s, the size of Seoul administrative area greatly expanded as it annexed a number of towns and villages from several surrounding counties. Namdaemun was the oldest wooden gate until a 2008 arson attack, and was re-opened after complete restoration in 2013. Air pollution is a major issue in Seoul. Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database. Seoul is within measurable distance of becoming the highest, most interesting and cleanest city in the East. It is based on the "Seoul Citizens' Day" held on every October since 1994 to commemorate the 600 years history of Seoul as the capital of the country. The city has grown beyond those walls and although the wall no longer stands (except along Bugaksan Mountain (Korean: 북악산; Hanja: 北岳山), north of the downtown area[27]), the gates remain near the downtown district of Seoul, including most notably Sungnyemun (commonly known as Namdaemun) and Heunginjimun (commonly known as Dongdaemun). This was an 8.84% increase from the end of 2010 and a 12.85% increase from June 2010. Insadong is the cultural art market of Seoul, where traditional and modern Korean artworks, such as paintings, sculptures and calligraphy are sold. The traditional heart of Seoul is the old Joseon dynasty city, now the downtown area, where most palaces, government offices, corporate headquarters, hotels, and traditional markets are located. It also served as one of the host cities of the 2002 FIFA World Cup. ), with four primary bus configurations available servicing most of the city. North of downtown is Bukhan Mountain, and to the south is the smaller Namsan. Since the Joseon dynasty adopted Confucianism as its national ideology in the 14th century, the state built many Confucian shrines. [84] The Seoul international finance center & SIFC MALL, Hanhwa 63 building, the Hanhwa insurance company head office. [75] In 2008 the Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index ranked Seoul No.9. Seoul proper is noted for its population density, which is almost twice that of New York City and eight times greater than Rome. The Seoul Metropolitan Government monitors and publicly shares real-time air quality data. Seoul was the host city of the 1986 Asian Games and 1988 Summer Olympics as well as one of the venues of the 2002 FIFA World Cup. Seoul is home of the major South Korean networks KBS, SBS, and MBC. August, the hottest month, has average high and low temperatures of 32.6 and 23.4 °C (91 and 74 °F) with higher temperatures possible. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}37°26′32″N 126°41′59″E / 37.44224°N 126.69964°E / 37.44224; 126.69964, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incheon_Bus_Terminal_station&oldid=1002939196, Railway stations in South Korea opened in 1999, Articles needing additional references from January 2021, All articles needing additional references, Articles using Infobox station with Korean name parameters, Pages using infobox station with deprecated parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Faregates, Ticketing Machines, Station Control, This page was last edited on 26 January 2021, at 18:41. [114][115] The Seodaemun Prison is a former prison built during the Japanese occupation, and is used as a historic museum.[116]. Seoul Express Bus Terminal, (서울고속버스터미널), (Metro Lines 3, 7, or 9, Express Bus Terminal stn). [24], During the Korean War, Seoul changed hands between the Soviet/Chinese-backed North Korean forces and the American-backed South Korean forces several times, leaving the city heavily damaged after the war. Pungnap Toseong is a flat earthen wall built at the edge of the Han River, which is widely believed to be the site of Wiryeseong. Each gu is divided into "dong" (동; 洞) or neighbourhoods. Both banks of the Han River have cycling paths that run all the way across the city along the river. [70], The two major religions in Seoul are Christianity and Buddhism. These buses connect Seoul with cities throughout South Korea. Major railroad stations include: Seoul is served by two international airports, Incheon International Airport and Gimpo International Airport. And Yakhyeon Catholic Church in Jungnim-dong, Jung District is first Catholic parish in Korea. Seoul is the strongest hotspot of greenhouse gas emissions in the country and according to satellite data, the persistent carbon dioxide anomaly over the city is one of the strongest in the world.[63]. Gyeongbokgung, the main royal palace during Joseon Dynasty. In 2010 Seoul was designated the World Design Capital for the year.[108]. The St. Nicholas Cathedral, but sometimes called bald church, is the only Byzantine-style church in Seoul. In addition, Seoul hosts many embassies of countries it has diplomatic ties with. It opened to the public in April 2017. [citation needed], Seoul is the business and financial hub of South Korea. For God and country", "Geographical Features of Social Polarization in Seoul, South Korea", "Hot Spots 2025: Benchmarking the Future Competitiveness of Cities", "The primacy of Seoul and the capital region", "It's official: Jinro soju is the world's best-selling liquor", "Neon shines brightly during the bustle on Yeouido stock street", "Yongsan Electronics Market, Asia's largest IT shopping mall", "50 reasons why Seoul is world's greatest city", "KOREA: Future is now for Korean info-tech", "Tech capitals of the world – Technology", akamai's [state of the internet] Q4 2016 report, "Hi Seoul, SOUL OF ASIA – Seoul Located In the Center of Asian Metropolises", "Seoul's Cheonggyecheon Stream symbolizes Korea's past, present and tomorrow", "Sungnyemun to open to great fanfare after more than five years of renovation", "Expanded Operation of Seoul Bike "Ddareungi, South Korea cities with a 200,000+ population, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seoul&oldid=1006306191, Special Cities and Metropolitan Cities of South Korea, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with Korean-language sources (ko), Articles with dead external links from September 2018, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2021, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Articles needing additional references from January 2009, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2010, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source: Korea Meteorological Administration, This page was last edited on 12 February 2021, at 04:39. [100] Internet speeds in some apartment buildings reach up to 52.5Gbit/s with assistance from Nokia, and though the average standard consists of 100 Mbit/s services, providers nationwide are rapidly rolling out 1Gbit/s connections at the equivalent of US$20 per month. Seoul's bus system is operated by the Seoul Metropolitan Government (S.M.G. By ferry — Tagbilaran ferry port is less than 10 minutes away from the airport by shuttle / taxi. Sometimes, temperatures drop dramatically to below −10 °C (14 °F), and on some occasions as low as −15 °C (5 °F) in the mid winter period of January and February. As South Korea's economy started to grow rapidly from the 1960s, urbanization also accelerated and workers began to move to Seoul and other larger cities. [77] The Economist Intelligence Unit ranked Seoul 15th in the list of "Overall 2025 City Competitiveness" regarding future competitiveness of cities.[78]. Incheon International Airport opened terminal 2 on January 18, 2018. Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education comprises 235 College-Preparatory High Schools, 80 Vocational Schools, 377 Middle Schools, and 33 Special Education Schools as of 2009[update]. Flight Departures information from Shanghai Pudong Airport (PVG): Status and Estimated times - Today [24] After Joseon changed her name to the Korean Empire in 1897, Hwangseong also designated Seoul. [17][clarification needed], The city has been known in the past by the names Wiryeseong (Korean: 위례성; Hanja: 慰禮城, during the Baekje era), Hanyang (한양; 漢陽, during the Goryeo era), Hanseong (한성; 漢城, during the Joseon era), and Keijō (京城) or Gyeongseong (경성) during the period of annexation to Japan. These areas are frequently sought after by people looking to escape from urban life on weekends and during vacations. [88] Hwanghak-dong Flea Market and Janganpyeong Antique Market also offer antique products. Seoul is connected to every major city in South Korea by rail. Seoul Olympic Park, located in Songpa District and built to host the 1988 Summer Olympics is Seoul's largest park. [117][118] Taxi: Normal taxis are colored in orange or white/silver. Seoul is also home to the world's largest indoor amusement park, Lotte World. While Itaewon had catered mainly to foreign tourists and American soldiers based in the city, Koreans now comprise the majority of visitors to the area. [8] Seoul has a population of 9.7 million people, and forms the heart of the Seoul Capital Area with the surrounding Incheon metropolis and Gyeonggi province. Seoul is home to 115 museums,[109] including four national and nine official municipal museums. The main palace, Gyeongbokgung, underwent a large-scale restoration project. 5G will be introduced commercially in March 2019 in Seoul. [69] As of June 2011, 186,631 foreigners were Chinese citizens of Korean ancestry. Seoul has a comprehensive urban railway network of 21 rapid transit, light metro and commuter lines that interconnects every district of the city and the surrounding areas of Incheon, Gyeonggi province, western Gangwon province, and northern Chungnam province. Seoul ranked 10th on the QS Best Student Cities 2019.[123]. There are also many parks along the Han River, such as Ichon Hangang Park, Yeouido Hangang Park, Mangwon Hangang Park, Nanji Hangang Park, Banpo Hangang Park, Ttukseom Hangang Park and Jamsil Hangang Park. There are many Protestant churches in Seoul. Being in the extreme east Asia, the climate can be described as humid subtropical with great variation in temperature and precipitation throughout the year. The bell signaled the different times of the day and controlled the four major gates to the city. owned enterprises. It is now responsible for major international flights. "Changes in Seoul's Air Quality Control Policy". [32] In 1904, an American by the name of Angus Hamilton visited the city and said, "The streets of Seoul are magnificent, spacious, clean, admirably made and well-drained. Busan, Daegu, Daejeon). Seoul is home to the majority of South Korea's most prestigious universities, including Seoul National University, Yonsei University, Korea University. Mongchon Toseong (Korean: 몽촌토성; Hanja: 蒙村土城) is another earthen wall built during the Baekje period that is now located inside the Olympic Park. In 2015, it was designated as a Seoul Future Heritage. Strategically located along the Han River, Seoul's history stretches back over two thousand years, when it was founded in 18 BC by the people of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Get within 60 minutes to Taipei City. Seoul is home to various specialized schools, including three science high schools, and six foreign language High Schools. [28] During the Joseon dynasty, the gates were opened and closed each day, accompanied by the ringing of large bells at the Bosingak belfry. Time of Cancellation. There is an exit exam for graduating from high school and many students proceeding to the university level are required to take the College Scholastic Ability Test that is held every November. [110] In October 2005, the museum moved to a new building in Yongsan Family Park. List of Provincial Bus Requirements. Seoul is divided into 25 gu (Korean: 구; Hanja: 區) (district). One of the most famous parks is Namsan Park, which offers recreational hiking and views of the downtown Seoul skyline. Despite the city's population density, Seoul has a large quantity of parks. For other uses, see, Special city in Seoul Capital, South Korea, Before 1972, Seoul was the "de jure" capital of the, 9th most visited city and 4th largest earner, South Korea's economy started to grow rapidly, Learn how and when to remove this template message, National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, List of diplomatic missions in South Korea, List of twin towns and sister cities in South Korea, "Worldwide Cost of Living 2017 – The Economist Intelligence Unit", Union of International Associations (UIA) International Meetings Statistics for the Year 2011, "MasterCard-Global Destination Cities index", "Chinese Naming Crisis Danger Opportunity Summer 2006 – Good Characters", "Early History of Electrical Engineering in Korea: Edison and First Electric Lighting in the Kingdom of Corea", "Seoul, South Korea Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)", "Statistical and dynamical characteristics of the urban heat island intensity in Seoul", "Seoul, South Korea - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast", "South Korea near bottom of world survey of air quality", "South Korea | Environmental Performance Index – Development", "Korea Wrestles with Growing Health Threat from Fined Dust", "Korea's Air Is Dirty, But It's Not All Close-Neighbor China's Fault", "[Feature] South Korea's odor pollution problem". Seoul's most well-known football club is FC Seoul. For many Korean film lovers from all over the world, the Korean Film Archive is running the Korean Film Museum and Cinematheque KOFA in its main center located in Digital Media City(DMC), Sangam-dong. These gates include Sungnyemun and Heunginjimun, commonly known as Namdaemun (South Great Gate) and Dongdaemun (East Great Gate). "Korea's policy towards pollution and fine particle: a sense of urgency", "NASA jet gets a sniff of pollution over South Korea", "Regional population density: Asia and Oceania, 2012: Inhabitants per square kilometre, TL3 regions", "Seoul's Population Drops Below 10 Million for First Time in 25 Years", "1.76 million foreigners live in South Korea; 3.4% of population", "Korean Chinese account for nearly 70% of foreigners in Seoul", "South Korean mega-churches. Also in Gangnam District is the COEX Mall, a large indoor shopping and entertainment complex. Or, ride a tricycle to Dao Bus Terminal (near Island City Mall). Cheonggyecheon, a stream that runs from west to east through the valley before emptying into the Han River, was for many years covered with concrete, but was recently restored by an urban revival project in 2005. Pungnaptoseong, an earthen wall located southeast Seoul, is widely believed to have been at the main Wiryeseong site. Ulokowane jest w odległości około 8 km na południowy zachód od centrum Warszawy. Seoul has been described as the world's "most wired city",[94] ranked first in technology readiness by PwC's Cities of Opportunity report. The descendants of the Joseon royal family still continue to hold ceremonies to commemorate ancestors at Jongmyo. Seoul has many large intercity/express bus terminals. Among the other largest parks in the city are Seoul Forest, Dream Forest, Children's Grand Park and Haneul Park. It is a symbol of Catholicism in Korea. [67], As of 2016, the number of foreigners living in Seoul was 404,037, 22.9% of the total foreign population in South Korea. Royal Throne in Geunjeongjeon, inside Gyeongbok Palace. [31], Much of the development was due to trade with foreign countries like France and the United States. The Olympic Stadium, Olympic Park, and Lotte World are located in Songpa District, on the south side of the Han River, upstream from Gangnam District. ... And then Manila to Seoul. In addition, Seoul introduced in 2015 a bicycle-sharing system named Ddareungi (and named Seoul Bike in English).[122]. Korea World Trade Center Complex, which comprises COEX mall, congress center, 3 Inter-continental hotels, Business tower (Asem tower), Residence hotel, Casino and City airport terminal was established in 1988 in time for the Seoul Olympics. It is located in Ahyeon-dong, Mapo District, and is cathedral of the Orthodox Metropolis of Korea. Ex-Kepco head office building was purchased by Hyundai motor group with 9billion USD to build 115-storey Hyundai GBC & hotel complex until 2021. I am foreign passport holder. [106] The palaces are considered exemplary architecture of the Joseon period. Very well located near COEX with plenty of dining options near the hotel and easy transit from Samseong Station to the rest of Seoul. This was a 0.24% decrease from the end of 2010. [35], Until 1972, Seoul was claimed by North Korea as its de jure capital, being specified as such in Article 103 of the 1948 North Korean constitution. The Seoul National Capital Area also contains a green belt aimed at preventing the city from sprawling out into neighboring Gyeonggi Province. In the history of South Korean major professional sports league championships, which include the K League, KBO League, KBL, V-League, Seoul had multiple championships in a season two times, 1990 K League Classi Lucky-Goldstar FC (currently FC Seoul) and KBO League LG Twins in 1990, K League Classic FC Seoul and KBO League Doosan Bears in 2016.[120]. [25] As the Three Kingdoms competed for this strategic region, control passed from Baekje to Goguryeo in the 5th century, and from Goguryeo to Silla in the 6th century.[26]. [24] There are several city walls remaining in the area that date from this time. [57] The "Special Act on the Improvement of Air Quality in the Seoul Metropolitan Area" was passed in December 2003. [89][90] Some shops for local designers have opened in Samcheong-dong, where numerous small art galleries are located. The Seoul Museum of Art and Ilmin Museum of Art have preserved the appearance of the old building that is visually unique from the neighboring tall, modern buildings. Due to its geography and to economic development policies, Seoul is a very polycentric city. Seoul proper comprises 605.25 km2 (233.69 sq mi),[2] with a radius of approximately 15 km (9 mi), roughly bisected into northern and southern halves by the Han River. Some gu have only a few dong while others like Jongno District have a very large number of distinct neighbourhoods. Neat and cozy space for tourists grouped less than 3 in the eastern area of Seoul where is easily access to the downtown by subway, purple line #5 and to the countryside by the express bus through Dong Seoul Terminal. Cycling is becoming increasingly popular in Seoul and in the entire country. Seoul is among the world leaders in Internet connectivity, being the capital of South Korea, which has the world's highest fibre-optic broadband penetration and highest global average internet speeds of 26.1 Mbit/s. [79] Major manufacturers are headquartered in the city, including Samsung, LG, Hyundai, Kia and SK. The next highest group were Taiwanese citizens, at 8,717. Flight Arrivals information at Manila Airport - NAIA (MNL): Status and Estimated times - Today [24] When Joseon replaced Goryeo, the capital was moved to Seoul (also known as Hanyang or Hanseong), where it remained until the fall of the dynasty. [21][22][23], Settlement of the Han River area, where present-day Seoul is located, began around 4000 BC. [42] Summers are hot and humid, with the East Asian monsoon taking place from June until September. The narrow, dirty lanes have been widened, gutters have been covered, roadways broadened. [25] The Fortress Wall of Seoul was built early in the Joseon dynasty for protection of the city. [111] The National Palace Museum of Korea is also located on the grounds of the Gyeongbokgung Palace. The former is operated by Seoul City Council and sits adjacent to Gyeonghuigung Palace, a Joseon dynasty royal palace. Temperatures below −20 °C (−4 °F) have been recorded. There are also many buildings constructed with international styles in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Dongdaemun Design Plaza, designed by the Iraqi-British architect, Zaha Hadid. Taxi: Taxi queues are located outside the arrivals hall of both terminals available 24 hours a day. (Cwa, by -3 °C isotherm). Ideally staying here more than a month The other large palace, Changdeokgung, constructed in 1405, served as the main royal palace from 1611 to 1872.
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